Swimming pools

Evaporation in the swimming pools in normal activity in kg/h m2

The rate of evaporation in kg/h m2 can be estimated for the swimming pool in normal activity, integrating splashing due to the bathes on the accesses of a limited zone (Smith, et al., 1993) (ASHRAE, 1995), according to the following formula:

• W = Rate of evaporation at the surface of the water level (kg/h m2)
• Pw = Vapor pressure at saturation taken at the temperature of surface of water, in kPa
• Pa = Vapor pressure at the dew point according to the temperature of the ambient air of the room, in kPa
• V = Air velocity above at the surface of water, in m/s
• Y = Latent heat necessary according to the change of state of the water vapor at the temperature of surface of water, in kJ/kg

Function = Pool_evap1(ts1, ts, Hr, Saw, Z)
- ts = Dry temperature in °C of the ambient air of the swimming pool
- ts1 = Temperature in °C at the water level
- Hr = relative Humidity in %
- Vit = Air velocity in m/s at the level of water
- Z = Altitude in m

Evaporation in swimming polls in kg/h m2 according to the type of activity in the covered swimming pools

For a latent heat (Y) of a value of 2330 kJ/kg and with a speed of air (V) at 0,10 m/s and while multiplying by a factor of activity (Fa) to reduce the rate of evaporation estimated according to the corresponding level of activity, the equation is reduced to the following expression:

• W = Rate of evaporation at the surface of the water level (kg/h m2)
• Pw = Vapor pressure at saturation taken at the temperature of surface of water, in kPa
  
• Pa = Vapor pressure at the dew point according to the temperature of the ambient air of the room, in kPa

Evaporation at the level of water in kg/h m2
- ts = Dry temperature in °C of the ambient air of the swimming pool
- ts1 = Temperature in °C at the level of water
- Hr = Relative humidity in %
Function = Pool_evap2(ts1, ts, Hr)

Evaporation at the level of water in kg/h m2 (another formula)

Evaporation at the water level in kg/h m2

• W = Rate of evaporation at the surface of the water level (kg/h m2)
• We = water content of the air at the temperature of the water level (kg/kg of dry air)
  
• Wa = water content of the air of the room (kg/kg of dry air)
  
• V = Specific volume of the air in the room (m3/kg of dry air)
  
• Vµ = Specific volume of the air at the level of water (m3/kg of dry air)

Function = Pool_evap(ts1, ts, Hr, Z)
- ts = Dry temperature in °C of the ambient air of the swimming pool
- ts1 = Temperature in °C of the water level
- Hr = Relative humidity in %
- Z = Altitude in m

For this type of formula, it is necessary in theory to add projections of water and the latent gains caused by the bathers

Sensible contributions by radiation

• T water = temperature of the water of the basin
  
• Ts = Ambient temperature of the swimming pool

Function = Pool_rayon(ts1, ts)
- ts = Dry temperature in °C of the ambient air of the swimming pool
- ts1 = Temperature in °C of the water level

Sensible contributions by convection

T water = temperature of the water of the pool
Ts = Ambient temperature of the swimming pool.

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